Abstract:
This thesis investigates the role of the dopamin (DA)ergic and glutamat (GLU)ergic neurotransmitter systems in the neurodegenerative processes underlying Parkinson’s disease. The experiments were performed in rats using methods of behavioural pharmacology, expanded by neurochemical, biochemical and histological techniques.
An animal model, reflecting early clinical stages of Parkinson’s disease, was further developed. This model provides a high degree of validity, due to the comparablility of the evoked behavioural alterations and the specific pattern of neurodegeneration and changes in neurotransmitter systems and therefore, allows the investigation of selective interventions with the DAergic and GLUergic transmitter systems and their effects on the processes of degeneration. The results of the single experiments support the suitability of this animal model for preclinical investigation of novel therapeutic strategies of Parkinson’s disease.
Summarized, the experiments indicate that the degeneration of the DAergic neurotansmission is crucial for the progression of ‘nigral’ and ‘extranigral’ pathology in Parkinson’s disease. Pathological maladaptive mechanisms of the compromised DAergic system are responsible for motor complications, associated with the chronic DA substitution. The role of the GLUergic system is not clearly characterized by the present work, but an GLUergic influence in these processes could not be ruled out. Therefore, restoration of the physiological DAergic tone in the central nervous system appears to be the most adequate pharmacotherapy of Parkinson’s disease.