Abstract:
Today, corporations can no longer confine themselves to the traditional value proposition of providing products and services. Social developments and political actions continuously shape market conditions and often directly interfere with the corporate realm. Moreover, corporate actions have become subject to heightened politicization and moralization. Corporations increasingly depend on social acceptance – a merely temporary socio-political concession which cannot be obtained solely by means of legal compliance or via traditional interest politics. Lobbying and public relations – both creations of the 20th century - were, therefore, joined by Public Affairs (PA) Management.
Serving as an interface between the political and economic spheres, PA does not, however, lend itself to cross-country standardization; its requirements and features are highly context sensitive. It is this very phenomenon, the context-dependent variance of PA, which concerns the study at hand.
In seeking to remedy the empirical and theoretical-conceptual shortcomings of comparative PA research, this study undertakes a systematical comparison of corporate PA strategies in France, Germany and the US. Our analysis is guided by concepts of systems theory and the stakeholder approach, and is embedded in a model built upon the economic variants of neo-institutionalism. In the course of our theoretical analyses we have identified and established three political-institutional key determinants of strategic PA management: the participation structure of a society, the dispersion of power and the national policy style. In a bid to conceptualize the dependent variable - PA strategies - a five-dimensional strategy typology was developed. This typology encompasses an interactive, an ethical, a temporal, a communicative and an organizational dimension.
The conceptual constituents of this model have largely stood the empirical test. We were able to validate the strategy typology with respect to the independence of its components. As far as the political-institutional determinants are concerned, “participation structure” and “dispersion of power” emerged as strong explanatory variables. ”Policy style” did not prove to be a relevant determinant in the conceptualization at hand.