Abstract:
Astrocytomas are the most common central nervous system tumors and mostly have a dismal prognosis. In human gliomas, the regulation of angiogenesis plays an outstanding role in tumor progression. Since conventional therapies fail to prolong survival time for more than a few months in glioblastomas, research in neuro-oncology has focused in recent years on novel therapy approaches that are based on molecular insights into brain tumor pathophysiology. Therefore, our aim was to examine the immunoreactivity levels of the novel anti-angiogenic factor and VEGF-antagonist Gravin, the human orthologue of rodent SSeCKS (Src-suppressed C-kinase substrate) also known as AKAP12 (A kinase anchoring protein), in human gliomas of different WHO grades (I-IV), and to search for correlation with VEGF-levels. 194 human gliomas were studied by tissue micro array (TMA) immunohistochemistry. Additionally 23 normal grey and white matter specimens were analysed. Our results show that VEGF-immunoreactivity is not significantly increased in high grade gliomas compared to the lower grade astrocytomas and was only 5% higher in glioblastoma compared to grey matter of normal brain samples. This finding raises the question whether a VEGF-targeted antiangiogenic therapy is a promising option in astrocytomas. In contrast, mean Gravin-immunoreactivity is significantly higher in WHO grade I astrocytomas compared to WHO grade II–IV tumors. In general, Gravin is increased more than ten-fold in astrocytic brain tumor tissue compared to normal brain specimens. In high grade gliomas, the antagonistic factors Gravin and VEGF showed a highly significant positive correlation which could indicate a combined regulator mechanism.