Abstract:
Objective:
To investigate whether JIA subgroup, disease activity, disease duration or therapy influence pulmonary function tests (PFT).
Methods:
A total of 44 children with JIA, age 4-19 (6 Oligoarthritic, 6 Oligoarthritis ext., 5 Polyarthritic-rheumatoid factor positive, 8 Systemic arthritic, 3 Spondylarthropathic (enthesitis-associated), 4 Psoriatic arthritic and 7 others) without clinical and/or radiologic pulmonary findings were examined. Spirometry, body plethysmography, determination of diffusion capacity (DLCO) and blood gas analysis were performed in all patients (T0). Systemic disease activity was rated by clinical examination and laboratory parameters (ESR, CRP). After 6-9 months pulmonary function tests were repeated in 36 children (T1) as follow-up part of the study.
Results:
Peak expiratory flow (PEF; 76,4%), Mean expiratory flow (MEF75;83,4%) and DLCO (84,2%) were reduced significantly compared to normal values. In 21 out of 44 patients (47,7%) DLCO was reduced below 80% of normal. FEV1, MEF50, MEF25, FVC, TLC, FRCpleth/TLC and RV were without significant changes. Airway resistance was increased (151%). There was a significant difference in airway resistance (p<0,001) when patients with or without active disease were compared. Diagnosis (JIA subform), duration of disease, therapy and examination time point were without significant influence on PFT.
Discussion:
JIA patients without pulmonary disease have impaired pulmonary function, mainly a reduced diffusion capacity and obstructive changes. There were no restrictive changes. Follow up examination 6-9 months later showed no additional changes. Only airway resistance was correlated to disease activity. JIA subgroup, disease duration and therapy had no correlation to reduced PFT.