Abstract:
This report presents the use of the "Tuebingen Geriatric Assessment" integrated into the daily
operations of an internal medicine acute care hospital. The Rottenburg Municipal Hospital has
been operating as a member of the Geriatric Centre of Tuebingen since 1994. Geriatric work
requires a specially trained team. In addition, increased staffing and time are required to provide interdisciplinary care for the patients within the framework of the Geriatric Assessment. This poses the question of whether the success of the geriatric work justifies the considerable effort and expenditure. This question was explored by the analysis and evaluation of the Geriatric Assessment, conducted on an inpatient basis in 1998, with additional considerations of the "oldest of the old," i.e., the group of patients over 80 years of age. Of the patients treated in hospital in 1998 (n=1325), 958 patients were over 65 years of age. Approximately 30% of all treated patients were older than 80 years.
A total of 119 assessments (n=108 patients) were performed, and 60 patients were recruited for the Geriatric Evaluation and Management study. In both groups, the percentage of patients over 80 years of age was approximately 58%. The hospital admissions, duration of hospitalisation, frequency of hospital stays, and ICD diagnoses were evaluated and compared. In the patients undergoing the assessment, additional data were analysed (medication, diagnoses, consultations, assessment instruments, discharge modalities, mortality rate, and risk of falling). The final evaluation included data from general practitioners from 1998 to May 2002 regarding the mortality rate and need for nursing care. Observation of patients over 80 years of age demonstrated "instability of the functional state" (62%), increased susceptibility to infection (73% of all infectious diseases), a significantly greater need for assistance (93%), an increased risk of falling (59%, already fallen 66%), and an increased need for medical aids and appliances (45%). A clear association between incontinence and need for assistance was observed. All of the falls occurred in the household setting, and 23% were associated with medications. The Geriatric Depression Scale yielded abnormal results: approximately 30% of patients undergoing the assessment were mistakenly categorised as being not depressed and therefore would have been deprived of appropriate treatment. The Geriatric Assessment represents a suitable instrument for prevention and for targeted patient-oriented rehabilitation with the goal of optimising the ability of many patients to reamin in their own household environment. The programme was shown to function successfully for a period of 4,5 years. At the end of the surveillance period, 64% (n=69 patients) still lived alone at home, of which 57% (n=39 patients) were over 80 years of age. Only 10% (n=11 patients) required medical care, and 26% (n=28 patients) had died.
Prof. Dr. med., graduate in biochemistry P.H. Müller