Abstract:
Transmitting knowledge by giving an informative public speech is a challenge that people face across different contexts, such as school or work. Public speaking competence is viewed as a core competence for well-educated students (van Ginkel et al., 2015). Giving informative public speeches is often required at elementary school for the first time. Because public speaking competence is required already at that age, training in public speaking should begin early. Nevertheless, very few training materials exist and when efficacy or effectiveness studies are conducted, they often do not meet methodological standards. To close this gap, a public speaking training program for elementary school children was developed. Thereafter, the practicability and effectiveness of the program was examined by using a multi-step procedure (cf. Humphrey et al., 2016). Paper 1 summarizes the results of the steps defining the instructional goals, developing the intervention, and conducting a pilot study in the form of a scripted training manual. After piloting and adjusting the intervention, the efficacy of the program was examined, as reported in Paper 2. A randomized control group design with repeated measures was used to investigate the treatment effects. The intervention was offered by one course instructor. Positive treatment effects were found on public speaking skills. Children participating in the training compared to children of the control group showed more appropriate nonverbal and organizational public speaking skills. However, no treatment effects were found on speech anxiety. Based on the positive treatment effects found in the efficacy study, the intervention was put into practice. Thereafter, an effectiveness study was used to assess the treatment effects, forming Paper 3. Eight nonresearch course instructors offered the course, after participating in a workshop. To assess the treatment effects, a randomized wait-list control group design with repeated measures was used. For organizational public speaking skills and speech anxiety, positive treatment effects were found. No treatment effects were found for nonverbal public speaking skills. In summary, this dissertation provides evidence for successful fostering of public speaking competence among elementary school pupils. The results are discussed and implications for educational policy and practice are deduced from the studies. In addition, based on the study results, considerations on future research are made and discussed.