Abstract:
In this thesis I present a simulation study on the JEM-EUSO mission performances. The ”Extreme Universe Space Observatory on–board the JEM experimental module” (JEM-EUSO) is a space mission which aims at the detection of extreme-high energy cosmic rays. Target of this mission is the detection of cosmic rays above 1e20 eV by means of the air fluorescence technique from space. This mission, planned to fly between 2017 and 2022, aims at the detection night-time of the fluorescence light produced by extensive air
showers in the atmosphere. Such a technique aims at the maximization of the exposure at the extremes of the spectrum.
In this thesis the scientific performances of the JEM-EUSO mission have been assessed. More in detail I studied the trigger and reconstruction performances. I therefore introduced in the Euso Simulation & Analysis Framework (ESAF) the trigger algorithms for the background rejection. A systematic study on the trigger efficiency, on the exposure, on the triggered spectra and on the triggered event size has been performed both in nadir and in tilt mode. I furthermore developed and tested the algorithms for the energy and Xmax reconstruction. A wide characterization work has been performed together with
an estimation of the systematics affecting the procedure. At last, a comprehensive study on the energy and Xmax performances under several conditions has been also performed.
More in detail, the first chapter is devoted to the description of the JEM-EUSO scientific case and of the context within which such a mission will operate. The open questions in the extremely high energetic cosmic rays field will be therefore presented as well as the scientific requirements to be satisfied by JEM-EUSO. The space based fluorescence technique will be then presented in Chapter 2 together with an overview of the JEM-EUSO mission. A brief description of the JEM-EUSO instrument will be also given. Chapter 3 will be devoted to the description of the ESAF software, to its structure and to the physical modelization assumed in it. Chapter 4 is related to the trigger chain description and performances assessment. Eventually, chapters 5 and 6 are devoted to the energy and Xmax reconstruction algorithms. Such algorithms have been therefore characterized and their limits clearly recognized and quantified. The performances within a broad spectrum of conditions have been assessed. The performances have been found to be compliant with the JEM–EUSO requirements.