Abstract:
In the last 50 years the conversion of greenfield land to settlement and traffic areas in Germany has greatly increased. Over the last several years the average land consumption has exceeded 115 ha per day – a trend which can not be sustained on the long run. While new residential and industrial areas are being built on ever decreasing green space, approximately 140,000 ha of previously used land in Germany lie idle today. Reusing this land could thus play a key role in the reduction of land consumption. But many of these areas are characterized by little available data and by a presumably contaminated subsurface due to previous industrial use. The resulting fear that extensive investigation efforts, costly cleanup, and long-winded stakeholder negotiations may impede redevelopment of these so-called brownfield sites leads to the fact that many brownfields remain undeveloped to date.
It is generally recognized that successful brownfield revitalization (BR) strategies need to optimize the trade-off between the partly conflicting goals of maximizing both economic revenues and sustainable development while minimizing the expenditures for the revitalization. The evaluation of these complex interdisciplinary interrelations for large numbers of redevelopment options calls for computer-based decision support systems (DSS). However, recent reviews report a lack in DSS which provide an adequate integrated assessment of planning alternatives at early stages of the redevelopment process when land use planning is still flexible but data availability is limited.
Aiming to close this gap, this thesis describes the development of a DSS that supports the interdisciplinary evaluation of BR alternatives. It includes the development and integration of methods for the estimation of (i) subsurface remediation and site preparation costs, (ii) the expected economic value including the quantification of perceived economic risks, and (iii) the spatially explicit quantification of the future land use’s contribution to a sustainable development. In three studies these methods are applied for the assessment of BR options in terms of the spatial allocation of different land use types at a model site. The iterative re-planning of these planning options is facilitated by the evaluation and visualization of the interdisciplinary consequences to spatial land use planning, whereby the focus is increasingly set on standardized and spatially explicit evaluation procedures. The results suggest that on the one hand BR is not automatically in line with sustainable development, and that on the other hand additional contributions to sustainability are not intrinsically tied to increased costs. The targeted identification of beneficial planning alternatives improves the basis for stakeholder discussions at early development stages. Thereby, decision making processes for sustainable BR can be initiated and streamlined. As a conclusion from the studies, key needs for future research are identified with respect to the single disciplines and to their integration.