Abstract:
The thesis deals with a systematic investigation of intermolecular host-guest-interactions between drugs and cyclodextrins. In a concise process of narrowing down a flood of data into the essential information, we started with a myriad of data on the capillary electrophoresis of 86 different chiral drugs in the presence of either one of three native CDs (alpha, beta and gamma, respectively) and 11 derivatives thereof. Both the separation factors of the enantiomers (alpha_m) and the retardation factors (R_m) showed characteristic patterns related to the molecular structure of the drug molecules. Statistical analyses were supplemented by Artificial Neural Networks, in particular, Self-Organizing Maps of the Kohonen type.
Six drugs of particular interest were selected, and investigated further in the presence of native alpha-, beta- and gamma-CD, respectively. Nuclearmagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy delivered complex stoichiometry and proton-related binding constants K. Microcalorimetry furnished more precise K-values, and also thermodynamic parameters of interaction, such as -Delta_H_0, T_Delta_S_0 and -Delta_G_0.
In the presence of alpha-CD, the interaction is dominated by the enthalpy term, whereas with gamma-CD the entropy term becomes the driving force; with beta-CD, the situation lies in between of the aforementioned. The mechanism with gamma-CD compares to biomolecular interactions encountered in enzymes and receptors, respectively. The system [Oxomemazine + cyclodextrin (alpha, beta and gamma, respectively) + 138 H2O molecules] was investigated by Molecular Dynamics Simulations, hereby confirming all preliminary hypotheses. For each ring size of cyclodextrin, a different model of interaction was observed.
All experimental data were stored and processed by molecular graphics databases.
This detailed and profound study of the given host-guest-system in aqueous buffer was complemented by the enantiomer resolution by gas chromatography of 15 chiral drugs on an aprotic polysiloxane-bound cyclodextrin phase.
Moreover, the synthesis of a solid phase chiral agent on basis of "Noe-Lactol", functioning as a "chiral sponge", was described.