Abstract:
This research compares the effect of the group program "life with HIV and AIDS" on the improvement of the quality of life of HIV positive people in Germany with a psychotherapy group in Peru. It is a natural, prospective trial that measures repetitions in a before- and after intervention Design (T1 + T2). The Peruvian findings can be compared then with the data already raised in Europe in a similar Design (EUROVIHTA). The sample consists of 108 HIV-1 positive people, from whom 79 are in the experimental group (73,14%) and 29 in the control group (26,85%). 43 of the participants originate from Peru (39,81%) and 65 from Germany (60.18 %). For determine the quality of life of the HIV positive participants psychosocial and physiological parameters are measured. The structured clinical interview SKID-I serves as the collection and diagnostics of psychological syndromes and disturbances, as according to the definition of the axis I and II of the DSM IV. The Trail Making test serves as the collection of general cerebral functions and is considered the sensitive instrument to the diagnostics of organic brain damage. The Trierer scales for disease accomplishment (TSK) makes a valid illustration of the possible mastering behavior of patients with heavy physical illnesses. The questionnaire to control convictions concerning illness and health (KKG) serves as the collection of control convictions concerning illness and health. The collection of the subjective impairment by physical and psychological symptoms is a self evaluation instrument (SCL-90-R). The questionnaire for the collection of the quality of life of HIV positive persons (MOS) is a short, multi-dimensional, internationally available instrument for the collection of the health-referred quality of life of HIV infected persons. The HIV/AIDS Symptom Checklist serves as the collection of the general physical state of health of people with HIV and AIDS. On the basis of t-tests for independent samples, first the initial values of the AVn (T1) of both groups are compared. Afterwards multi-variant more-factorial analyses of variance are analyzed, on the basis of measuring repetition (MANOVA-R). The statistically significant change over the course of time, regarding the group affiliation (MANOVA) for the questionnaire SCL-90-R, the TSK and the improvement of the physical parameters, exhibit a change in over the course of time for the Peruvian sample. The ANOVA analysis reveals the statistical significant change (time x group affiliation) of the variables "physical efficiency" (of MOS) and "social externality " (of KKG). There are no significant differences in the overall MANOVA analysis for the German sample. But further ANOVA analysis show the statistical significant change (time x group affiliation) of the variables "global quality of life" (of MOS), "Swelling of the Lymph Nodes" and "weakness" (of symptom check list). The quality of life variance avowedly by the emotional situation, depression, the social support, accomplishment, self value feeling and the control conviction.