Abstract:
This thesis deals with the physical simulation of textiles and its applications in computer graphics for the visualization, virtual try-on, and interactive design of garments.
First, the physical modeling of internal and external forces in the simulation of textiles is treated. On the one hand, a model for internal forces is proposed that is based on linear finite elements for viscoelastic deformable surfaces. By constructing a local reference frame for each element the application of linear elasticity becomes possible. On the other hand, two methods for the modeling of wind effects in cloth simulations are presented. In the first model, the fluid flow is described by the Navier-Stokes equations, while in the second model wind particles are simulated that move on the trajectories of global wind fields in order to compute aerodynamic and lee effects.
Subsequently, in order to approximate numerically the solutions of the arising differential equations, a method to parallelize the implicit time integration is presented which is specifically designed for distributed memory systems. Here, static task decomposition and mapping is employed, and it can be shown that substantial performance improvements are possible due to parallelization.
After that, applications of the presented methods are described. First, the developed cloth simulator TüTex is presented. Then, the application of TüTex in the Maya plugin tcCloth, and in the research project Virtual Try-On are illustrated.
The last part of this work deals with the simulation and design of clothing in interactive virtual environments. The virtual reality system Virtual Dressmaker which has been developed within the scope of this work allows the interactive construction and simulation of garments using input devices with six degrees of freedom and stereo visualization. The employed methods are compared with conventional interaction techniques on the basis of two usability studies. Finally, virtual tailor tools are presented that allow the interactive design of textiles by working with the three-dimensional simulated model while the modifications are transferred automatically to the underlying planar cloth patterns.