Abstract:
In this work, a biosensor-system for completely automated ultra-sensitive multianalyte-immunoassays was realized, characterized and examined for its analytical efficiency. This sensor system allows simultaneous measurements of several different organic pollutants in surface waters, ground- and drinking water in the lower ng L-1 range without requiring a pre-concentration step for the samples. The sensor system AWACSS is thereby based on excitation of fluorescence by total internal reflection (TIRF).
After the design and construction phase, the system integration of the individual optical and fluid components took place. Different integrated-optical transducers (IO-chip) were characterized regarding their optical characteristics and their influence on the immunoassays. For the statistic evaluation of calibrations of immunoassays different methods were employed to determine the validation parameters. The method-specific differences were extracted and discussed, using as an example estrone-calibrations performed with a polyclonal antibody.
For the successful employment of this biosensor as a monitoring tool in water analytics, the development of a spatially resolved multi-layer surface chemistry was essential. During this multianalyte modification of the IO-chips, the characteristics of two bio-polymers were combined which resulted in the covalent coupling of the antigen-molecules to the surface. Based on this surface modification, a simultaneous multianalyte calibration with six polyclonal antibodies could be accomplished for the first time in the binding-inhibition test format. A subsequent validation by real-sample measurements, an international round-robin test and a field-test under realistic operating conditions showed that the analytical efficiency of this biosensor system is comparable to the classical analytical methods (e.g. HPLC-DAD). A multianalyte measurement takes 18 min without a pre-concentration step of the sample.