Abstract:
In Th2-cells the synthesis of interleukin-5 (IL-5) is regulated at the level of transcription. A Gata-binding site and the Cle0-element were identified as the important regulatory elements within the human IL-5 promoter. The Cle0-element contains a potential Ets-binding site, whose significance was examined in this research project. The presented data show that the Ets-proteins Ets1 and Ets2, but not Elf1, are able to activate the IL-5 promoter in T-cell lines. For this the cells had to be simultaneously stimulated with PMA and ionomycin or PMA and HTLV-I-Tax.
A single-base-mutation within the core motif of the potential Ets-binding site prevents the Ets1/2-mediated activating effect on the promoter. DNA-binding studies further showed that Ets-proteins, such as Ets1 and Elf1, are able to bind to the Cle0-element.
In the myeloid Kasumi-1 cell line, Ets-mediated activation of the promoter was only possible in the presence of Gata3. A synergistic effect of Gata3 with Ets1 and Ets2, not with Elf1 however, was observed.
Experiments in HSB-2 cells, which inducibly express IL-5, yielded further indications that Ets-proteins are involved in the regulation of IL-5 expression. An Ets-containing complex, which was able to bind to the Cle0-element, was identified in extracts of HSB-2 cells and in primary T-cell cultures, which had previously been stimulated with PMA and ionomycin. In activated primary mixed Th1-/Th2-cell populations the expression of Ets2 increases with IL-5 production, however not with Th1-specific IFNg-production. Ets1 and Ets2 also proved to be of great significance for the Tax-mediated activation of the IL-5 promoter in HTLV-I transformed leukemic cells. The loss of activity of the mutated -106/+44 IL-5 EM promoter in Kasumi-cells confirms, that the intact Ets-binding site is essential for Gata3- and/or Ets1-mediated activation of the promoter by Tax.