Abstract:
The goal of this work was the improvement of the identification of target constituents in varying or interfering matrices with arrays of chemical sensors and the correlation of sensor signals with volatile compounds and instrumental chemical analysis.
Different methods of optimizing a multi-sensor array instrument or electronic nose towards the detection of certain analytes in complex matrices were investigated for several application examples by improving the specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity of the detection method.
The electronic nose, short e-nose or EN, is a new type of analytical instrument consisting of an array of chemical sensors, a suitable sampling system, and pattern classifier algorithm.
Three main tasks have been achieved in the course of this work: Firstly, the expansion of the sensor system to a further transduction principle; i.e. the integration of amperometric gas sensors with unique and complementary properties. Apart from the possibility of providing a reference signal for measurements in varying humidity, amperometric sensors make a further class of target analytes accessible to investigation with chemical sensor arrays.
Secondly, the set-up and integration of a sample conditioning and enrichment unit, i.e. the differential thermodesorption technique, which has been successfully tested, and the theoretical basis of which has been evaluated. The differential thermodesorption sample uptake modification is a chemical enrichment system enhancing sensitivity and at the same time a chromatographic column improving selectivity. The novel technique enables a compound specific quantitative and qualitative evaluation for the classification of a sample.
Thirdly, the successful expansion of the modified electronic nose in new fields of applications, e.g. the detection of bacteria or the classification of foodstuff in a water matrix, making use of the developed sampling techniques.