Abstract:
The everyday cultural practice of serving coffee with cake in mid-afternoon in the home – particularly on Sundays – is regarded as a German tradition. Once an occasional luxury or treat comparable to the American birthday cake, cake-baking became a widespread, almost inescapable phenomenon in the latter half of the 20th century. But cakes never ceased to be regarded as “something special,” as one interviewee put it. Despite their ubiquity, Germans continue to associate them with strong emotional motivations. How have cakes been able to mobilize and maintain such depth of feeling?
The thesis addresses the development of “cake culture” as an element of popular family culture in present-day Germany, reconstructing cake’s trajectory toward its current status as an “everyday special event.” Particular emphasis is placed on the metamorphosis of its symbolic meaning from luxury good to token of familial intimacy. Field research, conducted primarily in southwestern Germany, employed methods including interviews and participant observation. The thesis draws on contemporary statistics and other historical sources to depict the phase of cake’s arrival in the middle and lower social strata, using materials from the archives of the "cake-mix company" “Dr. Oetker” as well as contemporary magazines to illuminate its phases of development and stabilization. Social, economic and political factors influenced the development of cake culture toward its current form in diverse ways, and that matrix of influences – from specificities of the cultural space to technological innovations, the two world wars, the “miraculous” economic recovery of the 1950s and societal changes such as those that took place with regard to moral norms – permit the phenomenon of cake-baking to serve as an important key to understanding social history in the realms of nutrition, emotion, and gender. Those influences lend it the potential to become and remain something specifically German – an endemic cultural praxis.