Abstract:
Edification and education, as well as the issue of the educational mission of child care centers, are currently the focus of discussion in early childhood education and educational policy. These discourses are historically caused, even though this aspect is only partly taken into consideration in the current thinking. Therefore, this work adresses the value and the meaning of education and edification in the history of the early childhood education in Germany until 1945, and attempts to trace the ideas of edification and education that have an impact until today.
Based primarily on an approach of history of ideas, the thesis analyzes the broad discussion of the meaning of education and edification in the discourses of politics, practice, and theory. Different ideas are reconstructed with the extensive use of the original sources. Rather than single, well-chosen concepts, the varied and multifaceted discourses are presented and analyzed. The aim is to identify the understanding of edification and education, which dominated all the discourses and the era. Furthermore, exceeding the actual concept of the history of ideas, the ideas will be related to the reality of the institutions, thus making it possible to question the impact of the ideas. This let’s us identify the discourse, or parts of such discourses, and its related ideas of edification and education, that have essentially influenced the existing reality and which considerations have had no significant influence.
All in all, it appears that the history of early childhood education and the thinking about infant edification and education does not result in the individual concepts of current virtually „glorified“ personalities. Although their ideas have been perceived by their contemporaries, even though not with an interest comparable of today, they had little influence on the actual design of early childhood education. Only later, and sometimes by losing the actual substantive core, have they gained in importance. In contrast, different ideas have dominated; indeed, considerations, to most of which no reference is made today. Generally, a certain "oblivion" can be identified; ideas, which have diverged from the main argumentations, were already barely noticed at their time. They are widely unknown until today, in spite of their innovative potential.
A continuous and dominating understanding of edification and education can be identified, regarding the ideas that have dominated the history of early childhood education and at the same significantly influenced the reality. Nevertheless, this does not correspond to the understanding of edification and education ¬as it is discussed today, even with recourse to a few historical leading figures such as Friedrich Fröbel. Education was less understood as stimulating children's development, his/her edification, but as a mediation of work-specific patterns of thought and behavior with an emphasis on (moral) character formation. Therefore, one should be conscious of these roots, also because these have decisively influenced the development of the early childhood education and have a effect until today.