Abstract:
The study aimed at determining the influence of achievement motivation
and stress coping on the cognitive performance of alcohol
dependent patients. Prior to examination the patients reported increased
emotional instability and anxiety. Concerning the influence of
motivation, patients with goal setting instructions (to increase
performance in the next run by 20%) demonstrated significant increase in
solving simple mathematical problems (increase in amount of correct
responses, total amount of tasks, decrease in reaction time). For
control subjects with goal setting instructions there was only a trend
for higher performance. However, the increase in
test-performance through goal setting for the patients was not
significantly larger than that for the control subjects. Therefore, our
results demonstrated motivational resources but no systematic influence
of motivation on the testing results of alcohol dependent
patients. Concerning the influence of stress coping, six subtests of the
Test for Attentional Performance have been used. The stress
inducing conditions were fictitious negative feedback concerning the
results repeatedly during examination and exposure to noise.
Following negative feedback, patients demonstrated slower reaction times
in the subsequent subtests 'visual scanning' and 'flexibility'
relative to control subjects with negative feedback. Additionally,
patients with negative feedback demonstrated elevated levels of
stress experiences. There were no effects under exposure to noise.
Therefore, patients with negative feedback contrary to control
subjects experienced debilitating test anxiety. There was significant
decrease in anxiety for the group of patients posterior to
examination hypothetically due to nonappearance of major cognitive
deficits. But, contrary to the other alcohol dependent patients,
there was no decrease of anxiety posterior to the neuropsychological
investigation for patients with negative feedback.