Abstract:
Introduction
In recent years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important tool in radiology. It allows accurate delineation of anatomic structures without the use of ionizing radiation and in a non-invasive fashion. However, in 5 to 10 of all patients examined, anxiolytic medications have to be administered intravenously. This prospective study investigates whether alternative therapeutic methods such as information, relaxation and distraction may improve tolerance of this procedure without the administration of drugs.
Methods:
Three groups each consisting of 40 randomised and age-matched patients with different forms of experienced intervention were compared: a control group; an intervention group with information, cognition and relaxation and an second intervention group dealing with elements of distraction.
In addition we determined plasma cortisol levels as well as heart rate and different ratings of anxiety prior to and during MRI.
Results:
Patients in all groups were similar with regard to the dependent variables. During and after psychological intervention, anxiety and self-esteem significantly changed in the intervention group but not in the control group. Patients undergoing interventions revealed minor changes in heart rate and plasma cortisol levels but differences between the two groups did not reach statistical significance. Individual coping strategies had no effect on the magnitude with which interventions reduced anxiety. In addition, neither regular consumption of medications nor intensity and duration of preexisting pain had any effect on the degree of anxiety reduction produced by psychological interventions.
Conclusions:
The results of this study suggest that simple measures of psychological therapy may significantly reduce anxiety in patients undergoing MRI. These effects are independant from individual coping styles.