Abstract:
The Author of the first explicite theory of intentionality in the history of western philosophy Hervaeus Natalis (1250/1260 - 1323) initiated at the Paris University in the first quarter of the fourteenth century the debate aboute the intentionality with his treatise 'De secundis intentionibus'. The first concept of intentionality is a logical one. It derives from the relation between an object of knowledge and mind. The intention means an understood thing as such. Those seconde intentiones are logical phanomenons exist only in the mind in an intentional kind of being. Not only introduction of technical term 'intentionality' as alignment with the object of knowledge is the philosophical merit of Hervaeus, but also the clear separation of the logical realm from the res of any other sciences. This theory, called here an intentionalistic realism, is analysed in the presented work, in order to reconstruct the reasoning of the dominican author. The uniqueness of the theory of Hervaeus appears primarily in the direction of such alignment, from things to mind and not otherwise. Furthermore is researched to determine, what is the main message of these tenet from the historical outlook over the modern theories of intentionality and over the topic discussion, and the topic realistic positions. Howevere, the purpose of these studies is to illustrate that the relevance of the Hervaeus’ theory for the early thomistic school, insofar as we may speak of an unificated school, is obvious and immense. The fourteenth century is the time of early thomism and so the time of thomism with intentionalistic logic in the central place. It is a century of an other thomistic authority apart from Aquinas, an another name forgotten for many savants after the renaisannce, Hervaeus Natalis. The scholastic gave him the name doctor rarus, as if they knowed he did the foundation of thomism in a rare, instructive manner consisting in the revelation of the dispositional rationality of the real things and it is thereby a foundation for philosophical logic.