Abstract:
C. albicans is the most common pathogenic fungus in humans. Especially his ability to exhibit either a yeast or a hyphal form makes it possible to adapt to different growth conditions in the host. On the one hand, hyphal form facilates adherence and invasion of the outer cellular barrier, on the other hand, yeast form is favorable for a fast dissemination in the blood circuit. The transition between these two forms is regulated by a complex network of signal transduction pathways. Tec1p, a member of the TEA/ATTS-transcription factor family, plays a major role by regulating many hyphal-specific genes like BCR1 and ALS3, but molecular mecanisms are still unknown. There might be either a direct binding of Tec1p on specific TCS-motives or an indirect Tec1p-dependant regulation by induction of other transcription factors, like Bcr1p, which is supposed to have a direct effect on ALS3-expression (Argimón et al, 2007).
This dissertation aims at a better characterisation of the TEC1-dependent gene regulation by analysation of gene expression of TEC1, BCR1 and ALS3 in three strains of Candida albicans with different TEC1-expression-patterns (wild type, missing and constitutive TEC1-expression). An appropriate method to quantify expression levels under different growth conditions was developed, using real time PCR and taqman probes. Different internal calibrators for an accurate internal normalization were tested and two of them established as a fix standard. Evaluation of the new method confirmed good reproducability, reliability and validity of the results and ruled out potential process associated influence factors like enzyme efficiency or quality of RNA.
Analysis of TEC1-expression-patterns in a strain with constitutive TEC1-expression showed only an initial enhancement of BCR1- and ALS3-expression within the first 10-30 minutes, most likely due to a posttranscriptional modification of the TEC1-transcript. As there was a high time correlation between TEC1- and ALS3-expression in this initial phase, a direct effect of Tec1p on the ALS3 promoter is quite supposable. Considering former analysis of the protein structure of Tec1p, a direct binding to DNA-sequences other than than the TEC1 consensus sequence is assumed. Post initial increasement of ALS3-expression, as it was especially seen in hyphal forms, seems to be rather an indirect effect of Tec1p, mediated by Bcr1p, as there was a typical time-shift in dynamics of expression of TEC1, BCR1 and ALS3.