Abstract:
Introduction: The combination of different irradiation fields in direct junction is an established method in radiotherapy. For abutting techniques the matching area is a dosimetric problem. Even a small displacement leads to relevant inhomogeneities. To detect the real occurent overdosage or underdosage, several abutting techniques used in managing head and neck tumors or breast cancer were studied.
Materials and methods: Photon fields with non-divergent edges (6 MV) and asymmetric electron fields (4, 12 and 18 Mev) were joined. First of all, dose profiles and depth dose profiles were generated in a water phantom and subsequently the measured data were combined.
Results and discussion: For small gaps and overlaps the abutting of photon fields shows a linear relationship between displacement of the fields and change of dose in the matching area. Furthermore, the overdosages and underdosages in several measurement depths are proportional to the according dose values of the depth dose profile. Combining non-divergent photon fields, the expected inhomogeneitis are predictable for displaced fields, even for different measurement depths. A homogeneous field matching over all measurement depths is possible in theory, but under real conditions, the evaluation of the observed field combinations showed an inhomogeneity up to 16 %.
In contrast, the inhomogeneities for abutting non-divergent photon fields and asymmetric electron fields are only calculable for single measurement depths. Regarding the range of all measurement depths, overdosages and underdosages in the matching area exist at the same time. These inhomogeneities can not be balanced by moving the fields towards each other. With increasing electron beam energy the inhomogeneities extend. However combing electron fields and photon fields, at the best only a compromise between overdosages and underdosages can be found.