Abstract:
Previously it was shown, that sera from patients with antimitochondrial antibody (AMA) positive/anti-M2 negative primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) react with yet undefined mitochondrial proteins with a molecular weight of 60 and 80 kDa (kilo Dalton). Using mass-spectrometry, the Core I Protein of the Cytochrome C-Reductase could be identified in the 60 kDa antigen fraction. The aim of this study was to see, whether this protein is a target antigen for antibodies in PBC.
Sera from 88 AMA positive/Anti-M2 negative and 74 AMA positive/Anti-M2 positive PBC patients were analysed, using Western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sera from blood donors and patients with different liver diseases served as controls. An antigen fraction, obtained from bovine heart mitochondria via sucrose density centrifugation (1.16/1.18) and a commercial Cytochrome C-Reductase antigen were used. In addition, the Core 1 protein of the Cytochrome C-Reductase was recombinantly expressed in E. coli. The presence of Cytochrome C-Reductase was verified by incubating the antigen 1.16/1.18 with a commercial anti-Core I protein antibody.
Twenty-two of the 88 AMA positive/anti-M2 negative PBC patients (25%) showed a positive reaction with the 60 kDa and the 80 kDa-determinant of the 1.16/1.18 fraction in the Western blot. Testing the 74 AMA positive/anti-M2 negative patients, 27% were positive with the 60 kDa and 8% with the 80 kDa determinant. The 80 kDa determinant was purified by electro elution and analyzed by mass-spectrometry but no significant results were obtained.. In order to see, whether the anti-60 kDa antibodies were directed against the Core I Protein of the Cytochrome C-Reductase, the sera from patients with AMA positive/anti-M2 negative PBC were tested against the commercially available enzyme and the recombinantly produced Core I protein of the Cytochrome C-Reductase. However, there was no significant reaction with this enzyme, and there was also no correlation between the presence of anti-Cytochrome C-Reductase and anti-60kDa antibodies.
In the present study it could be shown that in sera from PBC-patients further AMA-specificities besides anti-M2 can be detected. In previous studies it was suspected, that they may react with the core I protein of Cytochrome C-Reductase, but this enzyme could now be excluded with high probability as relevant target antigen of anti-60kDa antibodies. Its identity and the clinical relevance of these antibodies have, therefore, to be evaluated in further studies. Moreover, it has to be seen whether those antibodies may give more insights into the pathogenesis of PBC than the anti-M2 antibodies.