Abstract:
Angiogenesis in breast cancer, as well as in other malignant tumours is discussed to be a relevant factor for pathogenesis, progress of disease, and resistance to therapy. Due to the complexity of regulation mechanisms, knowledge about the influencing factors in vivo is still fragmentary.
This study analysed 94 breast cancer patients who underwent primary systemic treatment. Two markers of angiogenesis - “microvessel density” (number of vessels per mm²) and “proportion of vascular area vs. tumour area” – were reviewed, whether they have any predictive power concerning response to chemo- or antihormonal therapy. In addition, we analysed changes in vascularity in dependence of treatment and searched for a possible relation between microvessel density and the appearance of immunohistochemical factors like MIB-1, p53 and c-erbB-2.
On average changes in microvessel density showed a decrease in the chemotherapy group, for antihormonal therapy however an increase was observed. Yet the proportion of vascular area vs. tumour area increased in both treatment groups. One quarter of patients showed a contradicting development of the two vascular parameters.
Therefore the two parameters appraise tumour vascularity differently and do not consistently express an increase or decrease of angiogenic activity.
A regression analysis did not show any predictive power concerning the vascular parameters. Those tumours, which showed the best response to treatment, tended to show lower values of the vascular parameters than did the other tumours of the respective treatment group. In the group of antihormonally treated patients high values of the vascular parameters seemed to identify tumours with severe progression under therapy. The implications that could arise from these findings are worth to be examined in further studies with a larger number of patients.
A link between the immunohistochemical factors and microvessel density was shown only for MIB-1. Therefore a mutation in p53 and an amplification of c-erbB-2 respectively does not clearly influence microvessel density in vivo. The association between positive MIB-1-status and high microvessel density scores yet confirms the assumption that there is a relationship between angiogenic and proliferative activity in breast cancer.