Abstract:
The catheter-based ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation is still a great challenge for the interventional electrophysiology. We analysed an approach with a combination of circumferential pulmonary vein ablation and potential-guided ostial completion of the pulmonary vein isolation.
Methods: 43 patients with symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation (>7 days, relapse after electric cardioversion) were included. A 3D-CT-reconstruction of the left atrium was merged with an electrophysical map. Afterwards, anatomic guided circumferential radiofrequency ablation of all four pulmonary veins was performed, followed by the ablation of residual conducting pulmonary fibres guided by a circumferential Lasso-catheter. Endpoint was the complete isolation of all pulmonary veins. Except for beta-blockers, no antiarrhythmic medication was given during follow up. The success rate was determined after 12 months with a 7-day-holter and a standardised questionnaire.
Results: 61% of all patients were in constant sinus rhythm, 21% still had paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. 76% of all patients experienced subjective improvement after ablation, 42% were completely free of complaints. At 7 patients, a reablation was performed during follow-up. No major complications occurred. Patients with longer lasting atrial fibrillation had a worse outcome than patients with shorter lasting atrial fibrillation. Further, patient with inducibility of atrial fibrillation after ablation had a significant higher rate of tachyarrhythmias, which had to be cardioverted.
Conclusions: Anatomic guided circumferential pulmonary vein ablation in combination with ostial completion of the pulmonary vein isolation is an effective and especially secure way to treat persistent atrial fibrillation.