Abstract:
Bartonella henselae is a gram-negative, facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacterium which can cause proliferative changes of the vasculature. Most commonly observed with immunocompromized persons, the infection with B. henselae can result in bacillary angiomatosis and bacillary peliosis hepatis. In the process of an infection, B. henselae is able to interact with different cell types and thereby can trigger both proangiogenic and antiapoptotic effects, as it has frequently been observed with endothelial cells, for example.
In the framework of this thesis, it has been elaborated that B. henselae induces a proangiogenic gene program in HeLa 229 and HUVE-cells on mRNA-level. The analysis of the induced gene patterns showed that the activation of the transcription factors HIF-1 and NF-kappaB plays a vital role in the host cell response to B. henselae infection. Aside from VEGF, a set of other angiogenic genes like IL-8 and ADM have been identified, suggesting that B. henselae induces an “angiogenic cocktail” within infected host cells. Moreover, it has been confirmed that B. henselae induces VEGF in various cell lines (HeLa 229, Mono Mac 6, HUVE- and EA.hy 926-cells). Further, it has been demonstrated that, contrary to other bacteria (notably Yersinia enterocolitica pYV-; Yersinia enterocolitica pYV+; Escherichia coli HB 101; Escherichia coli HB 101 inv+, Legionella pneumophila ATCC 33216, Listeria monocytogenes EGD serotype 1/2a), both viable, heat-killed and gentamicin-treated B. henselae improve host-cell viability, whereby an increase of VEGF-secretion by infected host cells at the same time was only observable with viable B. henselae. Finally, it has been shown that viable B. henselae are able to inhibit PDTC- and staurosporine-induced apoptosis in Mono Mac 6 and HeLa 229 cells.
The induction of angiogenesis and the inhibition of apoptosis are considered important pathomechanisms in B. henselae infection. To more closely examine the interactions of distinct pathogenic strategies of B. henselae, possible signal transduction pathways have been delineated on a cellular level. Accordingly, this thesis seeks to contribute to a better understanding concerning the interactions that emerge with regard to angiogenesis and apoptosis during an infection with B. henselae.