Abstract:
Abstract:
Study plan and methods: Our study examined the three antihypertensive drugs Celiprolol (200 mg), Metoprolol (95 mg) and Benazepril (5 mg) with regards to their bloodpressure lowering effects. This was done in a prospective, placebo controlled, double blinded and randomized short time study in a 4x4 cross-over design with three verum phases and one placebo phase. Each phase lasted 4 weeks, each divided by a 2-weeks lasting wash-out phase. We examined a small group of 12 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, along with moderate hypertension and micro albuminuria / diabetic nephropathia. In this patient collective we had special interest to accessorily compared the drugs’ metabolic side effects in lipids and carbohydrates. This was because these patients mostly show symptoms characteristically known for the metabolic syndrome: higher age (average age of our patients: 62 years), overweight (average body mass index: 29kg/m2), systolic hypertonia, hyperglycaemia (initial average blood sugar value: HbA-1c 8,65%, average diabetes duration: 18 years) and hyperlipidaemia (our patients initially showed elevated cholesterol values, the average value was 218 mg/dl). The statistical evaluation was done by a 4x4 cross-over analysis of variance.
Results: Bloodpressure lowering effects and heart rate: In our study only with Metoprolol (95 mg) we watched a statistically significant lowering of all three bloodpressure parameters (middle arterial pressure, systolic and diabolic pressure) and heart rate compared to placebo. With Celiprolol (200 mg) no bloodpressure parameter was statistically lowered though. With the angiotensin converting enzyme Benazepril (5 mg) we also noticed only a small lowering of these parameters without statistical significance. Metabolic parameters: Non of the three study medications lead neither to a statistically significant changing of the blood lipids (total cholesterol and triglyceride) nor the carbohydrate parameters (HbA-1 c, fructosamine) compared to placebo, our base-line. Of the lipoproteins only the HDL-cholesterol was statistically significant lowered with Metoprolol compared to placebo, followed by an according statistically significant change of the HDL-LDL-quotient.
Resumé: There are numerous interventional studies regarding the drugs we investigated. But as far as we know, there was no study done yet with our placebo controlled comparing combination Celiprolol–Metoprolol–Benazepril and with that group of patients we choose, that is patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 with arterial hypertension and their characteristic conditions in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Our study confirmed the positive blood pressure lowering effect of Metoprolol (95 mg), though accompanied by negatively influencing HDL-cholesterol as a cardiovascular risk parameter. Celiprolol (200 mg) and Benazepril (5 mg) however had no effects on the metabolic parameters, but they also didn’t have the power to lower the blood circulation parameters to the assumed extend. In patients, where the antihypertensive drug treatment is to be chosen in the context of the metabolic syndrome, these aspects have to be carefully considered.