Abstract:
In immunocompetent patients infections with B. henselae usually result in cat scratch disease (CSD), an often self-limiting lymphadenitis. The vasculoproliferative disorders bacillary angiomatosis (BA) and bacillary peliosis hepatis (PH) predominantly occur in immunocompromised patients. Thereby the endothelial cells represent the target cells of a B. henselae infection.
In this study, at first the whole proteome of B. henselae was characterized using 2D-SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and a comprehensive 2D proteome reference map of the B. henselae-proteome is provided. In total, 431 protein spots were identified representing 191 different proteins - amongst them 16 so far hypothetical proteins.
The standard method for the detection of a B. henselae infection is based on an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), whereas B. henselae serodiagnosis needs further improvement due to cross-reactivities to other intracellular pathogenic bacteria. Next, the humoral immune response against B. henselae of 33 sera from patients suffering from a serologically confirmed B. henselae-infection was assessed by means of 2D-SDS-PAGE and subsequent immunoblotting and enabled the detection of numerous immunoreactive B. henselae antigens.
A defined threshold of 20% seroreactivity was reached by 11 identified and 4 so far unidentified proteins hence representing immunodominant, potentially useful proteins for an improved Bartonella-specific serodiagnosis. Especially the proteins GI 49475876 and the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase GI 49475012 proved to be B. henselae-specific antigens and are consequently promising, serodiagnostic marker proteins for a B. henselae infection. The humoral immune response against B. henselae varied between patients and there is apparently no characteristic, distinct antibody profile towards one certain B. henselae antigen developed in a B. henselae infection. Therefore, only a combination of immunodominant seromarkers might deliver satisfactory results in future B. henselae serodiagnosis. This study suggests a combination of three immunodominant B. henselae proteins - two herein identified seromarker proteins GI 49475876 and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase GI 49475012 as well as the formerly described Bartonella adhesin A - to develop an improved, dependable and specific serodiagnosis of B. henselae infections.
Further, the B. henselae proteome in the course of infection with vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) was investigated by means of 35S-radioactive labelling and subsequent 2D-SDS-PAGE. Throughout the infection regulated bacterial proteins appear as differentially intense 35S radioactive protein spots on the 2D-gels between two comparable conditions (B. henselae –/+ HUVECs). In total, 16 regulated proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS - amongst them three hypothetical, so far not characterized proteins. In future, these regulated proteins should allow detailed insights in the infection biology of this pathogen, e.g. the increased expression of the phosphoserine aminotransferase SerC in the presence of HUVECs indicates, that intracellular B. henselae catabolize intensely aminoacids as energy source.