Abstract:
Bartonella henselae infections result in the vasculoproliferative disorders Bacillary Angiomatosis and Peliosis hepatis, which occur predominantly in immmunocompromised people. Endothelial cells represent the presumed target cells of a B. henselae infection. The trimeric autotransporter Bartonella adhesin A (BadA), which consists of a characteristic head-stalk-anchor architecture, plays the key role in B. henselae infections. In this study, (I) the influence of BadA on the host cell interaction was characterized, and (II) the use of BadA as serodiagnostical marker was evaluated.
In infection experiments using B. henselae wild type and a BadA deficient transposon mutant it was shown that BadA is crucial for adherence to endothelial cells and for activation of a proangiogenic host cell response, whereas the inflammatory host cell response can be activated independently of BadA expression. To perform functional analysis, BadA fragments were expressed recombinantly in E. coli, purified and refolded. The addition of BadA head domain results in adherence to endothelial- and epithelial cells and in activation of a proangiogenic host cell response. A purified fragment of the BadA stalk domain adheres to endothelial cells as well and leads to activation of IL-8 secretion. Purified B. henselae lipopolysaccharide does not activate a proinflammatory host cell response, which in contrast can be induced by outer membrane proteins of B. henselae. This work shows that BadA is crucial for the activation of a proangiogenic host cell response and can contribute to the functional analysis of the pathogenicity factors of B. henselae.
The standard method for detection of B. henselae infection is usually based on an indirect immunofluorescence assay. The analysis of BadA immunoblots as a new serodiagnostical method using patient sera which were tested positive or negative for B. henselae-antibodies in the immunofluorescence assay resulted in a sensitivity of 73,5% and a specificity of 74,2% in comparison to the results of the immunofluorescence assay.