Abstract:
In synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) an elevated expression of interleukin-16 (IL-16) was detected. The stimulating factors of the IL-16-mRNA induction are not clarified in detail, yet. However, it was shown, that not the inflammatory cytokines induce the expression of IL-16 in fibroblasts. In fact, cellular differences are responsible for the different gen activity.
Synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis differ in their regulation of IL-16 gene activity in comparison to osteoarthritis fibroblasts. In rheumatoid arthritis T-lymphocytes next to fibroblasts are the main producers of IL-16. For that reason we investigated pathways regulating IL-16 expression in T-lymphocytes. Considering the distinct regulation of gen activity in fibroblasts of RA patients, the comparison of T-lymphocytes of RA patients and of a healthy control with regard to the IL-16 expression especially was of great importance.
First we investigated the regulation of IL-16 gene activity in T-lymphocytes of healthy donors. Then we compared T-lymphocytes of RA patients and healthy controls regarding the IL-16 gene activity. The pharmacons forskolin and staurosporine enabled us to intervene in classical pathways of signal transduction. Histamine and serotonine were used for the induction as well.
In all cultures of T-lymphocytes we proofed a spontaneous transcription and secretion of IL-16. Staurosporine, an inhibitor of the phosphokinase C (PKC), helped to increase the IL-16 expression at the level of transcription as well as at the level of secretion. Incubation with forskolin, an activator of the adenylate cyclase, had no influence on the IL-16 expression. In contrast to fibroblasts there were no differences in the regulation of gene activity of IL-16 in RA patients in comparison to healthy donors. So in rheumatoid arthritis the elevated IL-16 expression in T-lymphocytes is not attributed to cellular differences. It is more likely the extern stimulation, e.g. by inflammatory cytokines or antigenes, is of prime importance.
Substances, which make it possible to manipulate the IL-16 level by intervening in kinase (especially PKC) dependant signal transduction pathways, can be of therapeutical use.
An induction of IL-16 expression in T-lymphocytes by histamine or serotonine could not be proofed, neither at gene level nor at protein level.