Abstract:
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women today.
Both 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate are anticancer drugs which are used in the treatment of breast cancer. It is supposed, that these substances also alter gene expression in addition to their function as antimetabolites.
Aim of this work was to detect genes that are differentially expressed in treated and untreated breast cancer cells. These data could provide further information on the acting mechanisms of chemotherapy, ideally leading to new possibilities in combining cytotoxic drugs.
Using differential display to investigate the effects of 5-fluorouracil no alteration in gene expression was found.
Using subtractive hybridisation a gene was identified, which was upregulated by methotrexate. The differentially expressed gene, named ß-subunit of the signal recognition particle receptor, belongs to the family of small g-proteins. Little is known about its function. It seems to play an important role in specific protein targeting to the endoplasmatic reticulum.
Further experiments could not show a correlation between the upregulation of the ß-subunit of the signal recognition particle receptor and the induction of necrotic or apoptotic cell death.
Thus, the exact role of the ß-subunit of the signal recognition particle receptor has yet to be defined.