Abstract:
The conception of the pathophysiology of the vegetative state assumes as its starting point, an extensive loss of cortical functions. To examine the presence of electrophysiological indications for retained cortical functions of patients in the vegetative state (VS) or the minimally conscious state (MCS independent of the remains of neuromuscular abilities, the basic, implicit learning process habituation in the form of a decrease of N1-amplitudes of acoustically evoked potentials was examined.
69 patients (39 in VS, 30 in MCS) were examined. Ten rounds of ten 50 miliseconds long 800 Hz sinus tones each were presented in two test arrangements that differed in respect to the duration of the pause between two rounds. Subsequent to the tenth (round), an eleventh round with ten 500 hz tones to determine the dishabituation was presented. Acoustically evoked potentials were recorded and the decrease of the components of the N1-amplitude throughout the rounds determinded the degree for habituation.
It was shown that the N1-amplitude decreased throughout the sequence of notes with VS-patients as well as with MCS-patients. Furthermore, a significant correlation between habituation and dishabituation was found. A significant connection between habituation and the existence of early components of an oddball-paradigm as well as between habituation and the patients' age was demonstrated.
With this thesis, a cortical learning process in the form of habituation of the N1-components in a large, non-selected population of VS- and MCS-patients could be proven.