Abstract:
S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase (E.C. 3.3.1.1; AdoHcy Hydrolase) catalyzes the reversible hydrolysis of AdoHcy to adenosine and homocysteine. One mol of the enzyme contains 4mol of NAD which is the essential cofactor of the enzyme.
AdoHcy Hydrolase exhibits two adenosine binding sites,one with a high and one with a low affinity. These adenosine binding sites arecontrolled by the enzyme-bound NAD+/NADH ratio. Since adenosine competes with cAMP at the high affinity binding site of the enzyme, we examined in the present study the binding characteristics of cAMP to AdoHcy Hydrolase in its native, NAD+- and NADH-form.
Association and dissociation of 3H-cAMP were found to be markedly dependent upon the NAD+/NADH-ratio of the enzyme. The equilibrium of 3H-cAMP on the NAD+-form was reached after 60 min, whereas the association of 3H-cAMP on the native enzyme and on the NADH-form was completed after 120 min.
Saturation binding experiments were performed in the presence of two 3H-cAMP concentration ranges: 0,5 - 500 nM and 0,5nM - 5µM. Nonspecific binding increased linearly with increasing 3H-cAMP concentrations. Nonlinear regression analysis for all saturation binding experiments indicated only one binding site for 3H-cAMP with an affinity of KD = 40 nM for the native AdoHcy Hydrolase, KD = 100 nM for the NADH-form and KD = 364 nM for the NAD+-form.
Competition experiments for 3H-cAMP binding to AdoHcy hydrolase were performed with endogenous adenosine nucleosides and nucleotides, AdoHcy hydrolase inhibitors and adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists.The affinities of the compounds tested were similar for the 3H-cAMP binding site at the the native AdoHcy Hydrolase and at the NADH-form. The NAD+-form binds these compounds with a markedly lower affinity.
The cAMP binding site was identified after irradiation of the enzyme with 8-Azido-3H-cAMP. Only one peptide was isolated from the native AdoHcy hydrolase, the NAD+-form and the NADH-form. This 3H-cAMP binding site is located in the NAD-binding domain of the enzyme.