Abstract:
The aim of this study was the investigation of changes of the vessels of Glioblastoma multiforme in relation to the break-down of the blood-brain-barrier.
In 15 patients with Glioblastoma multiforme and two control-subjects with different pathology, specimen of the tumor and peritumoral tissue were removed during surgery. The specimen were examined with electron-microscopy as well as with immuno-flourescence-microscopy for collagene, fibronectin, laminin, tenascin, agrin, MMP-2, MMP-9 and the blood-brain-barrier marker Glut-1.
The number of endothelial vesicles was increased. While there were gaps in the endothelial layer, there were no fenestrations of endothelial cells.
Around tumor vessels labeling for agrin was decreased, labeling for tenascin was increased compared to control tissue, the latter especially in areas of focal necrosis, probably due to higher expression of VEGF and PDGF-ß. There was an obvious correlation of tenacin to MMP-9 labeling, witch can be explained by both proteins being induced by the same growth factors.
Labeling for agrin and tenascin was exclusive. If both were present in the extracellular matrix of one vessel, there was a clear spatial separation, with tenascin in the tumoral part and agrin in the endothelial part of the basal lamina.
The essential parts of the basal lamina- fibronectin, collagene IV and laminin- were detected around all vessels. In addition there was strong labeling for collagene I.
Glut-1 was visible in multiple tumoral vessels, indicating an intact blood-brain-barrier.
These vessels were negative for MMP-9, while MMP-9 positive vessels showed no labeling for Glut-1.
In conclusion there were clearly visible changes in the extracellular matrix of pathologic vessels in glioblasoma multiforme, with a correlation to the break-down of the blood-brain-barrier.