Abstract:
Immunotherapeutic strategies are promising approaches in the therapy of several malignancies. HLA-presented tumour-associated peptides are key-structures for the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-based recognition of malignant cells by the immune system.
The objective of this work was to define a larger number of such targets using a combined approach involving HLA ligand characterization by mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and gene expression profiling by oligonucleotide microarrays.
Solid renal cell carcinomas (RCC) as well as RCC cell lines and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell lines were analyzed.
Overall, 725 different peptide sequences were identified on 11 solid RCCs as well as 204 different peptides on a RCC cell line. Most of these peptides derived from self-proteins without any evident tumour association. However, both in the solid tumours and in the cell line, numerous HLA ligands derived from previously known tumour antigens in RCC (MET, ADFP, CA9, CCND1, RPL10A) were identified. In addition, gene expression profiling of tumours and a set of healthy tissues revealed novel candidate RCC-associated antigens (MMP7, APOL1, ACSL4, IGFBP3, RGS5, EIF3S6, FABP7, KNTC2, ECT2, CCDC99, and EGLN3).
Further, comparing the gene exprssion profile and the peptide presentation pattern of a solid RCC and its autologues cell line, we could show, that there is only a week coherence in gene expression and nearly no coherence in the peptide presentation in the in vitro- compared with the ex vivo- situation.
The final proof of the immunogenicity of some of the identified peptides unfortunately could not be demonstrated in the conducted T-cell stimulation assays, due to methodical problems.
The analysis of three AML(inv16)-specimens led to the sequencing of 268 peptides, among them HLA ligands processed out of potentially tumour associated proteins such as MYC, PIM1, MPL, MKI67, EIF3S6, TOP2A and HDC. Despite intensive search, peptides derived from the fusion protein CBFb-MYH11, which is characteristic for AML(inv16), could not be identified.
In this work, numerous new HLA ligands processed out of previously described tumor associated proteins could be identified. Additionally numerous peptides derived from proteins which are tumour associated due to their gene expression profile could be sequenced.
Most of these Peptides can be used in vaccination trials of metastatic renal cell carcinoma and partially are already used.