Abstract:
Inclusion and exclusion are not opposed to the concept of social control. The rise of modern concepts of social control requires that the state abandoned the policy of exclusion of criminals and marginal groups. The idea of a continuing process of inclusion in modernisation- and systems theory, granting equal rights to everybody, however, suppress or underestimate the relevance of exclusionary processes in modern democratic societies. The exclusion of immigrants, social welfare recipients etc. produce varying patterns of social control, often neglected in criminology.