Abstract:
In summary, the results of this dissertation demonstrate the significant role of
emotional attachments in the context of cars and the differentiated needs of various
user groups in different usage phases. These findings offer relevant implications for
automobile manufacturers and fleet providers, as strengthening emotional
attachments can sustainably increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Beyond its instrumental function, the car can assume a significant role in users’
lives as it evokes emotions, stores memories, and fosters a deep attachment. Given
this emotional component, it seems surprising that the systematic investigation of
emotional attachment to cars has so far been rather neglected. This dissertation
addresses this research gap.
The first study exploratively examined emotions in the context of car usage,
relevant car characteristics, the development of emotional attachment over time, and
relevant determinants of product attachments to cars. For this purpose, semistructured interviews (N = 36) were conducted with owners, lessees, car sharing
users, and rental car users. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed.
The results reveal differences in the intensity and quality of emotional attachment to
cars across user groups: owners exhibit the strongest attachment, followed by lessees
and car sharing users, while rental car users show no significant emotional
attachment. Furthermore, four use phases could be identified, which differ in their
emotional characteristics: the familiarization phase, the phase of everyday use, the
phase of malfunctions and defects, and the farewell to the car.
These insights gained were verified by three quantitative online studies (each N =
410, N = 487, N = 600), taking into account the car class. These studies confirmed the
interview findings and indicated that emotional attachment to premium cars is often
stronger than to volume cars.
Subsequently, the various use phases were discussed in more detail in six
qualitative focus groups (N = 35), and approaches for emotionally supporting users in
these phases were developed. The car change, consisting of the farewell to the
previous car and receiving the new one, proved to be particularly emotional for users.
Preserving memories of the previous car and increasing the anticipation of the
upcoming car were identified as potentially helpful.
XI
To test the generated ideas in practice, two prototypical app variants were
developed to emotionally support users during the car change. The first variant
enabled storing memories of the previous car. The second variant was intended to
intensify the anticipation of the upcoming car.
The prototypes were evaluated using qualitative and quantitative methods in semistructured interviews (N = 43). This included users with and without emotional
attachment. The results show that stimulating anticipation emotionally facilitates the
car change and already fosters the attachment to the upcoming car. Storing memories
can also be helpful, but it carries the risk of making the farewell to the previous car
more difficult, as the attachment to it can be strengthened.
In summary, the results of this dissertation demonstrate the relevance of emotional
attachments in the context of cars and the differentiated needs of various user groups
in different usage phases. These findings offer relevant implications for automobile
manufacturers and fleet providers, as strengthening emotional attachments can
increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.