Abstract:
Introduction:
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are critical in evidence-based medicine, particularly for conditions like age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of permanent vision impairment. The advent of anti-VEGF for neovascular AMD revolutionized ophthalmology. Consequently, the reporting quality of these RCTs is of significant interest. The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statements serve as guidelines for RCT reporting. This study evaluated the adherence to the 2010 CONSORT guidelines in 70 RCTs on anti-VEGF therapy. Additionally, correlations between the CONSORT score and other parameters such as publication year, journal impact factor (JIF), total citations, number of randomized patients, number of authors and blinding were explored.
Differences in CONSORT score between industry-sponsored and independently conducted trials, as well as multicenter and single-center studies, were also analyzed.
Furthermore, the study investigated potential gender bias in the authorship of retina therapy trials compared to general ophthalmology.
Methods:
In June 2017, PubMed was searched for trials on intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. The articles were evaluated using the 2010 CONSORT statement checklist, and various parameters of the RCTs were assessed.
Results:
Seventy publications met the inclusion criteria covering RCTs conducted from 2006 to 2016. The mean was 21.2, representing 57.3% of the total CONSORT score (37 items). No significant correlation was found between the CONSORT score and the year of publication. However, there was a strong correlation between the CONSORT score and JIF (Spearman's ρ = 0.4899, p < 0.0001). Gender distribution among lead authors was unequal, with 70% male and 28.57% female. Peaks in RCT publications on anti-VEGF were observed in 2013 and 2015.
Discussion:
Most trials were conducted in Europe, with groundbreaking trials published in top-ranked multidisciplinary journals. Compared to previous studies, there has been an improvement in adherence to CONSORT guidelines, notably in reporting sample size and specific objectives. Industry-sponsored trials had significantly higher JIFs compared to non-industry trials.
Conclusion:
The study demonstrated a significant relationship between the CONSORT score and JIF, as well as other parameters like the number of randomized patients and multicentric trial status. Further research is necessary to enhance the reporting quality of RCTs and adherence to CONSORT guidelines, ensuring the production of high-quality publications which are essential for evidence-based medicine.