Abstract:
Approximately a third of all cancer patients experience strong distress during their oncological path. Even more patients’ distress might not even be detected. Though distress is not a strictly defined construct, numerous screening instruments were developed to allocate patients’ need for support. At the University Hospital of Tübingen, an electronical screening tool, ePOS (electronical PsychoOncology Screening) triggers the pathway of psycho- oncological counselling for each cancer patient if needed. In this study we intended to evaluate ePOS and at the same time, review sociodemographic and clinical correlates of distress. Overall 5732 patients’ data from 2018 of 12 cancer centers were included in the descriptive and univariate analyses. Our findings support previously established evidence on the correlation between high distress and lack of social support, younger age, and female gender, whereas education and employment did not affect distress significantly. Besides, we found indications that involvement in psychotherapy and psychotropic medication intake prior to cancer diagnosis could increase distress. Furthermore, while we partly replicated previously reported relationships between distress level and cancer types, we also found changed trends for lung cancer, and gynaecological cancer types. We assume that novel cancer treatment discoveries and their impact on patients’ quality of life is responsible for this shift of distress levels. At last, we found that a quarter of all conspicuous screenings were not followed by a consecutive counselling appointment. This could partly depend on an overrepresented outpatient ratio and the lack of automated pathways. However, previous research showed that high distress scores alone not always led to wish for counselling. Accordingly, positive answers to subjective need for counselling correlated with more psycho-oncological appointments. Therefore, we recommend multiple screening, beginning with asking for subjective need. In case of positive answer, multiple distress screening instruments should follow, to understand the underlying cause. For higher practicability, we suggest the use of rapid-screening instruments, which validity is comparable with longer well- established tests (Hornheider Screening Instrument; Distress Thermometer, Patient Health Questionnaire - 2 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder – 2).