Abstract:
The lab of Samuel Wagner has been developing the small molecule called
Compound 26 (C26) as an anti-virulence agent against infections with the
bacterial enteropathogen Salmonella Typhimurium. C26 targets the main
transcriptional regulator of Salmonella pathogenicity HilD.
In this work, the effect of C26 on Salmonella pathogenicity island 4 (SPI-4) and
the giant non-fimbrial adhesin SiiE was investigated.
In particular, analysis of the expression and assembly of the SPI-4 encoded T1SS
via SDS-PAGE and BN-PAGE revealed that 100 μM C26 strongly reduced the
expression of the T1SS ABC-transporter, SiiF, and impeded the assembly of this
secretion system. The establishment of a HiBiT-LgBiT based SiiE secretion assay
enabled the quantification of SiiE secretion into the culture medium. T3SS-1
dependent injection of SipA-HiBiT into HeLa-LgBiT cells was assessed using the
previously established injection assay (Westerhausen et al. 2020). Using these
assays, I was able to show that C26 reduced SiiE secretion and SipA-HiBiT
injection in a dose-dependent manner. At concentrations of 100 μM C26 SiiE
secretion was reduced to 2.6 % of the wild type level and SipA-HiBiT injection
into HeLa-LgBiT cells was reduced to 5.6 % of the wild type level.
As evidenced by an in vitro cell invasion assay, C26 reduced invasion of
Salmonella into non-polarised HeLa and MDCK cells. Unfortunately, it was not
possible to generate polarised monolayers of MDCK cells, which are a
prerequisite for quantifying SPI-4 mediated adhesion to polarised epithelial cells
(Gerlach et al. 2007b).
In conclusion, this work showed that C26 reduced SiiF expression, T1SS
assembly, SiiE secretion and attenuated the invasion capacity of Salmonella into
host cells. Together, these findings strengthen the role of C26 as a promising
new candidate for antimicrobial therapy.