Abstract:
The synthesis of different CNC pincer ligands derived from 3,6-di-tert-butyl-1,8-bis-(imidazolin-2-ylidene)-9-carbazolid (bimca) are presented. The deprotonation of the ligand precursors with different bases at the acidic hydrogen atoms and further reaction with transition metal precursors are shown. A part of this thesis deals with the synthesis of the macrocyclic (HbimcaC5-C8)·2HPF6 proligands and also the open-chain derivatives (HbimcaBrompentyl-Bromoctyl)·2HPF6. The previously difficult synthesis of (H2bimcacyPy)·2HPF6 has now been simplified. The acidic hydrogen atoms of the macrocyclic ligand precursors are deprotonated with alkali metal bases. DBU is used for the open-chain bimca derivatives with bromoalkyl substituents and the pyrrole containing derivative. Using DBU, the acidic NH group is deprotonated first and afterwards in presence of two further equivalents of DBU this intermediate reacts with rhodium and iridium carbonyl precursors. Hereby, an elimination of HBr can be avoided, which occurs as a side reaction with strong bases and is also carried out in a targeted manner. The transmetallation of the macrocyclic alkali metal complexes takes place with various metal precursors, including rhodium and iridium carbonyl complexes. The complexes [Rh(bimcaC5-C8)CO] are tested as catalysts in the Meinwald rearrangement. A special focus is on the (HbimcaC5)·2HPF6 ligand precursor. It is the starting point for the synthesis of the carbonyl-free rhodium complex [Rh(bimcaC5)], which is tested as a hydrogenation catalyst. It stabilizes itself through transfer hydrogenation to give a double bond in the carbon chain. The same structural motif can be observed in [Ru(bimcaC5)(PPh3)Br] or [Co(bimcaC5)], which can be obtained by reacting [K(bimcaC5)] with a ruthenium or cobalt precursor. Different coordination modes of the bimcaC5 ligand can be illustrated by synthesis of the ruthenium complexes [Ru(bimcaC5)(PPh3)Br] and [Ru(bimcaC5)Cp*]. Furthermore, it can be shown that the formation of cobalt and iron complexes [M(bimcaX)2] is dependent on the oxidation state of the metal.